ADU Calculator

Calculate build cost, rental income, payback period, and full 10-year ROI for your accessory dwelling unit. Compare garage conversion, basement, and detached builds — and see which financing option saves you the most.

sq ft
$
$
%
$
Total Build Cost
$64,000
Garage Conversion · 3-6 months timeline
Annual Rental Income
$17,100
Simple Payback
3.7 years
Gross ROI
26.7%
Value Added to Home
$81,000
Net Equity Gain
+$17,000
Monthly Rent (effective)
$1,425

Side-by-side comparison of all ADU types for your 400 sqft unit with $1,500/mo rent on a $450,000 home.

TypeBuild CostTimelineValue AddedNet EquityGross ROIPayback
Garage Conversion$64,0003-6 months$81,000+$17,00026.7%3.7 yrs
Basement Conversion$60,0003-6 months$67,500+$7,50028.5%3.5 yrs
Attached Addition$88,0006-12 months$99,000+$11,00019.4%5.1 yrs
Detached New Build$116,0009-18 months$126,000+$10,00014.7%6.8 yrs
%
%
$
YearAnnual RentNet Rent IncomeCumulative RentADU Value AddedCash-on-Cash
1$17,100$8,337$15,900$83,83510.8%
2$17,613$8,850$32,313$86,76911.5%
3$18,141$9,379$49,254$89,80612.2%
4$18,686$9,923$66,740$92,94912.9%
5$19,246$10,483$84,786$96,20313.6%
6$19,824$11,061$103,410$99,57014.4%
7$20,418$11,655$122,628$103,05515.1%
8$21,031$12,268$142,459$106,66215.9%
9$21,662$12,899$162,921$110,39516.8%
10$22,312$13,549$184,032$114,25817.6%
10-Year Cumulative Rent
$184,032
After maintenance & financing costs
Home Value at Yr 10
$634,769
3.5%/yr appreciation
ADU Value Added at Yr 10
$114,258
18% of home value
Total Return (rent + equity)
$298,291
Cumulative rent + ADU value gain

What Is an Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU)?

An ADU (also called a granny flat, in-law suite, backyard cottage, or secondary suite) is a second, self-contained residential unit on the same lot as a primary home. ADUs have their own entrance, kitchen, bathroom, and sleeping area. They can be attached to the main house, inside it (basement), or built as a separate structure.

Why Build an ADU?

Rental income: The most common motivation. A $1,500/month ADU generates $18,000/year — often enough to cover a significant portion of your mortgage payment.

Multigenerational living: House aging parents or adult children while maintaining independence and privacy for everyone.

Home value increase: ADUs typically increase property values by 15-28%, often more than the build cost in appreciating markets.

Housing flexibility: If your needs change, rent it out, house family, or use it as a home office or studio.

ADU Cost & ROI Formula

Total Build Cost = Square Footage × Cost Per Square Foot

Annual Rental Income = Monthly Rent × 12 × (1 − Vacancy Rate %)

Simple Payback (years) = Total Build Cost ÷ Annual Rental Income

Gross ROI = Annual Rental Income ÷ Total Build Cost × 100%

Net Equity Gain = Home Value × ADU Value-Add % − Total Build Cost

The true ROI combines both streams: rental income over time AND the immediate increase in home value. A detached ADU often adds 25-28% to home value — on a $500,000 home, that's $125,000+ in added value vs. a build cost of $100,000-$150,000.

Example: Garage Conversion in Los Angeles

400 sq ft Garage Conversion | $160/sqft | $1,800/mo rent

Build Cost$64,000
Permit + Impact Fees$12,000
Total Project Cost$76,000
Monthly Rent$1,800
Annual Income (5% vacancy)$20,520
Simple Payback3.7 years
Gross ROI27%
Home Value Before ($750K)$750,000
ADU Value Added (18%)$135,000
Net Equity Gain+$59,000

This is a common scenario in high-cost California markets where rental demand is strong and garage conversions are permitted by right under state ADU law (AB 68, SB 9).

Frequently Asked Questions

ADU costs vary by type: garage conversions $130-$200/sqft, basement conversions $120-$180/sqft, attached additions $180-$280/sqft, and detached new builds $250-$400/sqft. For a 400 sqft unit, expect $52,000-$80,000 for a conversion and $100,000-$160,000 for a new detached build. Add $5,000-$20,000 for permits and up to $30,000 for impact fees in some jurisdictions.
Garage and basement conversions typically have the highest rental ROI because construction costs are lowest — you're working with an existing structure. Detached new builds cost more but add the most home value (25-28% vs 15-18% for conversions). The "best" depends on your goal: if you want maximum rental yield, convert existing space. If you want maximum home value increase and plan to sell, a detached unit often wins.
Short-term rentals (Airbnb) can command 50-120% more per night than long-term rents, but require significantly more management time, higher cleaning costs, more wear and tear, and may have lower occupancy in shoulder seasons. Many cities have also restricted or banned short-term rentals for ADUs. Long-term rentals offer predictable income, lower management burden, and no regulatory risk. Calculate both scenarios carefully and check local STR regulations first.
Yes. Having a mortgage doesn't prevent ADU construction, but you'll need to notify your lender (required by most loan agreements for material improvements). For financing, a HELOC or home equity loan against your existing equity is the most common approach. You need sufficient equity — typically lenders allow borrowing up to 80-85% of your home's current value minus the existing mortgage balance. A RenoFi loan goes further by underwriting against the after-renovation value.
Yes, in most jurisdictions building an ADU will trigger a reassessment of the new construction only (not the entire property). In California (Prop 13), the ADU addition is assessed at current market value while your existing home retains its base-year value. The property tax increase is typically 1-1.25% of the ADU's assessed value annually — on a $100,000 build, that's $1,000-$1,250/year in added taxes, easily offset by rental income.

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